Erythromycin is a bacteriostatic macrolide antibiotic which is effective against skin and the upper respiratory tract infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, erythromycin was formulated into PLGA nanoparticles via emulsion solvent evaporation method. Entrapment efficiency of erythromycin in PLGA nanoparticles was determined microbiologically. The effect of PLGA amount, PLGA type, organic solvent, sonication probe diameter, sonication time, organic phase: aqueous phase ratio as well as effect of PVA percent on microbiologically determined entrapment efficiency was assessed. The results showed that microbiologically determined entrapment efficiency was significantly enhanced after optimizing different parameters to reach 51.1±0.68% for the optimum formula (F10). The size of the nanoparticles produced by optimal formulation observed from SEM micrographs was around 100 nm with narrow particle size distribution. The optimized formula was found to be more biologically effective then the free drug.
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